<?php
/**
* SQL Formatter is a collection of utilities for debugging SQL queries.
* It includes methods for formatting, syntax highlighting, removing comments, etc.
*/
class SqlFormatter
{
// Constants for token types
const TOKEN_TYPE_WHITESPACE = 0;
const TOKEN_TYPE_WORD = 1;
const TOKEN_TYPE_QUOTE = 2;
const TOKEN_TYPE_BACKTICK_QUOTE = 3;
const TOKEN_TYPE_RESERVED = 4;
const TOKEN_TYPE_RESERVED_TOPLEVEL = 5;
const TOKEN_TYPE_RESERVED_NEWLINE = 6;
const TOKEN_TYPE_BOUNDARY = 7;
const TOKEN_TYPE_COMMENT = 8;
const TOKEN_TYPE_BLOCK_COMMENT = 9;
const TOKEN_TYPE_NUMBER = 10;
const TOKEN_TYPE_ERROR = 11;
const TOKEN_TYPE_VARIABLE = 12;
// Constants for different components of a token
const TOKEN_TYPE = 0;
const TOKEN_VALUE = 1;
// Reserved words (for syntax highlighting)
protected static $reserved = array(
'ACCESSIBLE', 'ACTION', 'AGAINST', 'AGGREGATE', 'ALGORITHM', 'ALL', 'ALTER', 'ANALYSE', 'ANALYZE', 'AS', 'ASC',
'AUTOCOMMIT', 'AUTO_INCREMENT', 'BACKUP', 'BEGIN', 'BETWEEN', 'BINLOG', 'BOTH', 'CASCADE', 'CASE', 'CHANGE', 'CHANGED', 'CHARACTER SET',
'CHARSET', 'CHECK', 'CHECKSUM', 'COLLATE', 'COLLATION', 'COLUMN', 'COLUMNS', 'COMMENT', 'COMMIT', 'COMMITTED', 'COMPRESSED', 'CONCURRENT',
'CONSTRAINT', 'CONTAINS', 'CONVERT', 'CREATE', 'CROSS', 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP', 'DATABASE', 'DATABASES', 'DAY', 'DAY_HOUR', 'DAY_MINUTE',
'DAY_SECOND', 'DEFAULT', 'DEFINER', 'DELAYED', 'DELETE', 'DESC', 'DESCRIBE', 'DETERMINISTIC', 'DISTINCT', 'DISTINCTROW', 'DIV',
'DO', 'DUMPFILE', 'DUPLICATE', 'DYNAMIC', 'ELSE', 'ENCLOSED', 'END', 'ENGINE', 'ENGINE_TYPE', 'ENGINES', 'ESCAPE', 'ESCAPED', 'EVENTS', 'EXEC',
'EXECUTE', 'EXISTS', 'EXPLAIN', 'EXTENDED', 'FAST', 'FIELDS', 'FILE', 'FIRST', 'FIXED', 'FLUSH', 'FOR', 'FORCE', 'FOREIGN', 'FULL', 'FULLTEXT',
'FUNCTION', 'GLOBAL', 'GRANT', 'GRANTS', 'GROUP_CONCAT', 'HEAP', 'HIGH_PRIORITY', 'HOSTS', 'HOUR', 'HOUR_MINUTE',
'HOUR_SECOND', 'IDENTIFIED', 'IF', 'IFNULL', 'IGNORE', 'IN', 'INDEX', 'INDEXES', 'INFILE', 'INSERT', 'INSERT_ID', 'INSERT_METHOD', 'INTERVAL',
'INTO', 'INVOKER', 'IS', 'ISOLATION', 'KEY', 'KEYS', 'KILL', 'LAST_INSERT_ID', 'LEADING', 'LEVEL', 'LIKE', 'LINEAR',
'LINES', 'LOAD', 'LOCAL', 'LOCK', 'LOCKS', 'LOGS', 'LOW_PRIORITY', 'MARIA', 'MASTER', 'MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY', 'MASTER_HOST', 'MASTER_LOG_FILE',
'MATCH','MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR', 'MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR', 'MAX_ROWS', 'MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR', 'MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS',
'MEDIUM', 'MERGE', 'MINUTE', 'MINUTE_SECOND', 'MIN_ROWS', 'MODE', 'MODIFY',
'MONTH', 'MRG_MYISAM', 'MYISAM', 'NAMES', 'NATURAL', 'NOT', 'NOW()','NULL', 'OFFSET', 'ON', 'OPEN', 'OPTIMIZE', 'OPTION', 'OPTIONALLY',
'ON UPDATE', 'ON DELETE', 'OUTFILE', 'PACK_KEYS', 'PAGE', 'PARTIAL', 'PARTITION', 'PARTITIONS', 'PASSWORD', 'PRIMARY', 'PRIVILEGES', 'PROCEDURE',
'PROCESS', 'PROCESSLIST', 'PURGE', 'QUICK', 'RANGE', 'RAID0', 'RAID_CHUNKS', 'RAID_CHUNKSIZE','RAID_TYPE', 'READ', 'READ_ONLY',
'READ_WRITE', 'REFERENCES', 'REGEXP', 'RELOAD', 'RENAME', 'REPAIR', 'REPEATABLE', 'REPLACE', 'REPLICATION', 'RESET', 'RESTORE', 'RESTRICT',
'RETURN', 'RETURNS', 'REVOKE', 'RLIKE', 'ROLLBACK', 'ROW', 'ROWS', 'ROW_FORMAT', 'SECOND', 'SECURITY', 'SEPARATOR',
'SERIALIZABLE', 'SESSION', 'SHARE', 'SHOW', 'SHUTDOWN', 'SLAVE', 'SONAME', 'SOUNDS', 'SQL', 'SQL_AUTO_IS_NULL', 'SQL_BIG_RESULT',
'SQL_BIG_SELECTS', 'SQL_BIG_TABLES', 'SQL_BUFFER_RESULT', 'SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS', 'SQL_LOG_BIN', 'SQL_LOG_OFF', 'SQL_LOG_UPDATE',
'SQL_LOW_PRIORITY_UPDATES', 'SQL_MAX_JOIN_SIZE', 'SQL_QUOTE_SHOW_CREATE', 'SQL_SAFE_UPDATES', 'SQL_SELECT_LIMIT', 'SQL_SLAVE_SKIP_COUNTER',
'SQL_SMALL_RESULT', 'SQL_WARNINGS', 'SQL_CACHE', 'SQL_NO_CACHE', 'START', 'STARTING', 'STATUS', 'STOP', 'STORAGE',
'STRAIGHT_JOIN', 'STRING', 'STRIPED', 'SUPER', 'TABLE', 'TABLES', 'TEMPORARY', 'TERMINATED', 'THEN', 'TO', 'TRAILING', 'TRANSACTIONAL', 'TRUE',
'TRUNCATE', 'TYPE', 'TYPES', 'UNCOMMITTED', 'UNIQUE', 'UNLOCK', 'UNSIGNED', 'USAGE', 'USE', 'USING', 'VARIABLES',
'VIEW', 'WHEN', 'WITH', 'WORK', 'WRITE', 'YEAR_MONTH'
);
// For SQL formatting
// These keywords will all be on their own line
protected static $reserved_toplevel = array(
'SELECT', 'FROM', 'WHERE', 'SET', 'ORDER BY', 'GROUP BY', 'LIMIT', 'DROP',
'VALUES', 'UPDATE', 'HAVING', 'ADD', 'AFTER', 'ALTER TABLE', 'DELETE FROM', 'UNION ALL', 'UNION', 'EXCEPT', 'INTERSECT'
);
protected static $reserved_newline = array(
'LEFT OUTER JOIN', 'RIGHT OUTER JOIN', 'LEFT JOIN', 'RIGHT JOIN', 'OUTER JOIN', 'INNER JOIN', 'JOIN', 'XOR', 'OR', 'AND'
);
protected static $functions = array (
'ABS', 'ACOS', 'ADDDATE', 'ADDTIME', 'AES_DECRYPT', 'AES_ENCRYPT', 'AREA', 'ASBINARY', 'ASCII', 'ASIN', 'ASTEXT', 'ATAN', 'ATAN2',
'AVG', 'BDMPOLYFROMTEXT', 'BDMPOLYFROMWKB', 'BDPOLYFROMTEXT', 'BDPOLYFROMWKB', 'BENCHMARK', 'BIN', 'BIT_AND', 'BIT_COUNT', 'BIT_LENGTH',
'BIT_OR', 'BIT_XOR', 'BOUNDARY', 'BUFFER', 'CAST', 'CEIL', 'CEILING', 'CENTROID', 'CHAR', 'CHARACTER_LENGTH', 'CHARSET', 'CHAR_LENGTH',
'COALESCE', 'COERCIBILITY', 'COLLATION', 'COMPRESS', 'CONCAT', 'CONCAT_WS', 'CONNECTION_ID', 'CONTAINS', 'CONV', 'CONVERT', 'CONVERT_TZ',
'CONVEXHULL', 'COS', 'COT', 'COUNT', 'CRC32', 'CROSSES', 'CURDATE', 'CURRENT_DATE', 'CURRENT_TIME', 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP', 'CURRENT_USER',
'CURTIME', 'DATABASE', 'DATE', 'DATEDIFF', 'DATE_ADD', 'DATE_DIFF', 'DATE_FORMAT', 'DATE_SUB', 'DAY', 'DAYNAME', 'DAYOFMONTH', 'DAYOFWEEK',
'DAYOFYEAR', 'DECODE', 'DEFAULT', 'DEGREES', 'DES_DECRYPT', 'DES_ENCRYPT', 'DIFFERENCE', 'DIMENSION', 'DISJOINT', 'DISTANCE', 'ELT', 'ENCODE',
'ENCRYPT', 'ENDPOINT', 'ENVELOPE', 'EQUALS', 'EXP', 'EXPORT_SET', 'EXTERIORRING', 'EXTRACT', 'EXTRACTVALUE', 'FIELD', 'FIND_IN_SET', 'FLOOR',
'FORMAT', 'FOUND_ROWS', 'FROM_DAYS', 'FROM_UNIXTIME', 'GEOMCOLLFROMTEXT', 'GEOMCOLLFROMWKB', 'GEOMETRYCOLLECTION', 'GEOMETRYCOLLECTIONFROMTEXT',
'GEOMETRYCOLLECTIONFROMWKB', 'GEOMETRYFROMTEXT', 'GEOMETRYFROMWKB', 'GEOMETRYN', 'GEOMETRYTYPE', 'GEOMFROMTEXT', 'GEOMFROMWKB', 'GET_FORMAT',
'GET_LOCK', 'GLENGTH', 'GREATEST', 'GROUP_CONCAT', 'GROUP_UNIQUE_USERS', 'HEX', 'HOUR', 'IF', 'IFNULL', 'INET_ATON', 'INET_NTOA', 'INSERT', 'INSTR',
'INTERIORRINGN', 'INTERSECTION', 'INTERSECTS', 'INTERVAL', 'ISCLOSED', 'ISEMPTY', 'ISNULL', 'ISRING', 'ISSIMPLE', 'IS_FREE_LOCK', 'IS_USED_LOCK',
'LAST_DAY', 'LAST_INSERT_ID', 'LCASE', 'LEAST', 'LEFT', 'LENGTH', 'LINEFROMTEXT', 'LINEFROMWKB', 'LINESTRING', 'LINESTRINGFROMTEXT', 'LINESTRINGFROMWKB',
'LN', 'LOAD_FILE', 'LOCALTIME', 'LOCALTIMESTAMP', 'LOCATE', 'LOG', 'LOG10', 'LOG2', 'LOWER', 'LPAD', 'LTRIM', 'MAKEDATE', 'MAKETIME', 'MAKE_SET',
'MASTER_POS_WAIT', 'MAX', 'MBRCONTAINS', 'MBRDISJOINT', 'MBREQUAL', 'MBRINTERSECTS', 'MBROVERLAPS', 'MBRTOUCHES', 'MBRWITHIN', 'MD5', 'MICROSECOND',
'MID', 'MIN', 'MINUTE', 'MLINEFROMTEXT', 'MLINEFROMWKB', 'MOD', 'MONTH', 'MONTHNAME', 'MPOINTFROMTEXT', 'MPOINTFROMWKB', 'MPOLYFROMTEXT', 'MPOLYFROMWKB',
'MULTILINESTRING', 'MULTILINESTRINGFROMTEXT', 'MULTILINESTRINGFROMWKB', 'MULTIPOINT', 'MULTIPOINTFROMTEXT', 'MULTIPOINTFROMWKB', 'MULTIPOLYGON',
'MULTIPOLYGONFROMTEXT', 'MULTIPOLYGONFROMWKB', 'NAME_CONST', 'NULLIF', 'NUMGEOMETRIES', 'NUMINTERIORRINGS', 'NUMPOINTS', 'OCT', 'OCTET_LENGTH',
'OLD_PASSWORD', 'ORD', 'OVERLAPS', 'PASSWORD', 'PERIOD_ADD', 'PERIOD_DIFF', 'PI', 'POINT', 'POINTFROMTEXT', 'POINTFROMWKB', 'POINTN', 'POINTONSURFACE',
'POLYFROMTEXT', 'POLYFROMWKB', 'POLYGON', 'POLYGONFROMTEXT', 'POLYGONFROMWKB', 'POSITION', 'POW', 'POWER', 'QUARTER', 'QUOTE', 'RADIANS', 'RAND',
'RELATED', 'RELEASE_LOCK', 'REPEAT', 'REPLACE', 'REVERSE', 'RIGHT', 'ROUND', 'ROW_COUNT', 'RPAD', 'RTRIM', 'SCHEMA', 'SECOND', 'SEC_TO_TIME',
'SESSION_USER', 'SHA', 'SHA1', 'SIGN', 'SIN', 'SLEEP', 'SOUNDEX', 'SPACE', 'SQRT', 'SRID', 'STARTPOINT', 'STD', 'STDDEV', 'STDDEV_POP', 'STDDEV_SAMP',
'STRCMP', 'STR_TO_DATE', 'SUBDATE', 'SUBSTR', 'SUBSTRING', 'SUBSTRING_INDEX', 'SUBTIME', 'SUM', 'SYMDIFFERENCE', 'SYSDATE', 'SYSTEM_USER', 'TAN',
'TIME', 'TIMEDIFF', 'TIMESTAMP', 'TIMESTAMPADD', 'TIMESTAMPDIFF', 'TIME_FORMAT', 'TIME_TO_SEC', 'TOUCHES', 'TO_DAYS', 'TRIM', 'TRUNCATE', 'UCASE',
'UNCOMPRESS', 'UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH', 'UNHEX', 'UNIQUE_USERS', 'UNIX_TIMESTAMP', 'UPDATEXML', 'UPPER', 'USER', 'UTC_DATE', 'UTC_TIME', 'UTC_TIMESTAMP',
'UUID', 'VARIANCE', 'VAR_POP', 'VAR_SAMP', 'VERSION', 'WEEK', 'WEEKDAY', 'WEEKOFYEAR', 'WITHIN', 'X', 'Y', 'YEAR', 'YEARWEEK'
);
// Punctuation that can be used as a boundary between other tokens
protected static $boundaries = array(',', ';',':', ')', '(', '.', '=', '<', '>', '+', '-', '*', '/', '!', '^', '%', '|', '&', '#');
// For HTML syntax highlighting
// Styles applied to different token types
public static $quote_attributes = 'style="color: blue;"';
public static $backtick_quote_attributes = 'style="color: purple;"';
public static $reserved_attributes = 'style="font-weight:bold;"';
public static $boundary_attributes = '';
public static $number_attributes = 'style="color: green;"';
public static $word_attributes = 'style="color: #333;"';
public static $error_attributes = 'style="background-color: red;"';
public static $comment_attributes = 'style="color: #aaa;"';
public static $variable_attributes = 'style="color: orange;"';
public static $pre_attributes = 'style="color: black; background-color: white;"';
// Boolean - whether or not the current environment is the CLI
// This affects the type of syntax highlighting
// If not defined, it will be determined automatically
public static $cli;
// For CLI syntax highlighting
public static $cli_quote = "\x1b[34;1m";
public static $cli_backtick_quote = "\x1b[35;1m";
public static $cli_reserved = "\x1b[37m";
public static $cli_boundary = "";
public static $cli_number = "\x1b[32;1m";
public static $cli_word = "";
public static $cli_error = "\x1b[31;1;7m";
public static $cli_comment = "\x1b[30;1m";
public static $cli_functions = "\x1b[37m";
public static $cli_variable = "\x1b[36;1m";
// The tab character to use when formatting SQL
public static $tab = ' ';
// This flag tells us if queries need to be enclosed in <pre> tags
public static $use_pre = true;
// This flag tells us if SqlFormatted has been initialized
protected static $init;
// Regular expressions for tokenizing
protected static $regex_boundaries;
protected static $regex_reserved;
protected static $regex_reserved_newline;
protected static $regex_reserved_toplevel;
protected static $regex_function;
// Cache variables
// Only tokens shorter than this size will be cached. Somewhere between 10 and 20 seems to work well for most cases.
public static $max_cachekey_size = 15;
protected static $token_cache = array();
protected static $cache_hits = 0;
protected static $cache_misses = 0;
/**
* Get stats about the token cache
* @return Array An array containing the keys 'hits', 'misses', 'entries', and 'size' in bytes
*/
public static function getCacheStats()
{
return array(
'hits'=>self::$cache_hits,
'misses'=>self::$cache_misses,
'entries'=>count(self::$token_cache),
'size'=>strlen(serialize(self::$token_cache))
);
}
/**
* Stuff that only needs to be done once. Builds regular expressions and sorts the reserved words.
*/
protected static function init()
{
if (self::$init) return;
// Sort reserved word list from longest word to shortest, 3x faster than usort
$reservedMap = array_combine(self::$reserved, array_map('strlen', self::$reserved));
arsort($reservedMap);
self::$reserved = array_keys($reservedMap);
// Set up regular expressions
self::$regex_boundaries = '('.implode('|',array_map(array(__CLASS__, 'quote_regex'),self::$boundaries)).')';
self::$regex_reserved = '('.implode('|',array_map(array(__CLASS__, 'quote_regex'),self::$reserved)).')';
self::$regex_reserved_toplevel = str_replace(' ','\\s+','('.implode('|',array_map(array(__CLASS__, 'quote_regex'),self::$reserved_toplevel)).')');
self::$regex_reserved_newline = str_replace(' ','\\s+','('.implode('|',array_map(array(__CLASS__, 'quote_regex'),self::$reserved_newline)).')');
self::$regex_function = '('.implode('|',array_map(array(__CLASS__, 'quote_regex'),self::$functions)).')';
self::$init = true;
}
/**
* Return the next token and token type in a SQL string.
* Quoted strings, comments, reserved words, whitespace, and punctuation are all their own tokens.
*
* @param String $string The SQL string
* @param array $previous The result of the previous getNextToken() call
*
* @return Array An associative array containing the type and value of the token.
*/
protected static function getNextToken($string, $previous = null)
{
// Whitespace
if (preg_match('/^\s+/',$string,$matches)) {
return array(
self::TOKEN_VALUE => $matches[0],
self::TOKEN_TYPE=>self::TOKEN_TYPE_WHITESPACE
);
}
// Comment
if ($string[0] === '#' || (isset($string[1])&&($string[0]==='-'&&$string[1]==='-') || ($string[0]==='/'&&$string[1]==='*'))) {
// Comment until end of line
if ($string[0] === '-' || $string[0] === '#') {
$last = strpos($string, "\n");
$type = self::TOKEN_TYPE_COMMENT;
} else { // Comment until closing comment tag
$last = strpos($string, "*/", 2) + 2;
$type = self::TOKEN_TYPE_BLOCK_COMMENT;
}
if ($last === false) {
$last = strlen($string);
}
return array(
self::TOKEN_VALUE => substr($string, 0, $last),
self::TOKEN_TYPE => $type
);
}
// Quoted String
if ($string[0]==='"' || $string[0]==='\'' || $string[0]==='`' || $string[0]==='[') {
$return = array(
self::TOKEN_TYPE => (($string[0]==='`' || $string[0]==='[')? self::TOKEN_TYPE_BACKTICK_QUOTE : self::TOKEN_TYPE_QUOTE),
self::TOKEN_VALUE => self::getQuotedString($string)
);
return $return;
}
// User-defined Variable
if (($string[0] === '@' || $string[0] === ':') && isset($string[1])) {
$ret = array(
self::TOKEN_VALUE => null,
self::TOKEN_TYPE => self::TOKEN_TYPE_VARIABLE
);
// If the variable name is quoted
if ($string[1]==='"' || $string[1]==='\'' || $string[1]==='`') {
$ret[self::TOKEN_VALUE] = $string[0].self::getQuotedString(substr($string,1));
}
// Non-quoted variable name
else {
preg_match('/^('.$string[0].'[a-zA-Z0-9\._\$]+)/',$string,$matches);
if ($matches) {
$ret[self::TOKEN_VALUE] = $matches[1];
}
}
if($ret[self::TOKEN_VALUE] !== null) return $ret;
}
// Number (decimal, binary, or hex)
if (preg_match('/^([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?|0x[0-9a-fA-F]+|0b[01]+)($|\s|"\'`|'.self::$regex_boundaries.')/',$string,$matches)) {
return array(
self::TOKEN_VALUE => $matches[1],
self::TOKEN_TYPE=>self::TOKEN_TYPE_NUMBER
);
}
// Boundary Character (punctuation and symbols)
if (preg_match('/^('.self::$regex_boundaries.')/',$string,$matches)) {
return array(
self::TOKEN_VALUE => $matches[1],
self::TOKEN_TYPE => self::TOKEN_TYPE_BOUNDARY
);
}
// A reserved word cannot be preceded by a '.'
// this makes it so in "mytable.from", "from" is not considered a reserved word
if (!$previous || !isset($previous[self::TOKEN_VALUE]) || $previous[self::TOKEN_VALUE] !== '.') {
$upper = strtoupper($string);
// Top Level Reserved Word
if (preg_match('/^('.self::$regex_reserved_toplevel.')($|\s|'.self::$regex_boundaries.')/', $upper,$matches)) {
return array(
self::TOKEN_TYPE=>self::TOKEN_TYPE_RESERVED_TOPLEVEL,
self::TOKEN_VALUE=>substr($string,0,strlen($matches[1]))
);
}
// Newline Reserved Word
if (preg_match('/^('.self::$regex_reserved_newline.')($|\s|'.self::$regex_boundaries.')/', $upper,$matches)) {
return array(
self::TOKEN_TYPE=>self::TOKEN_TYPE_RESERVED_NEWLINE,
self::TOKEN_VALUE=>substr($string,0,strlen($matches[1]))
);
}
// Other Reserved Word
if (preg_match('/^('.self::$regex_reserved.')($|\s|'.self::$regex_boundaries.')/', $upper,$matches)) {
return array(
self::TOKEN_TYPE=>self::TOKEN_TYPE_RESERVED,
self::TOKEN_VALUE=>substr($string,0,strlen($matches[1]))
);
}
}
// A function must be suceeded by '('
// this makes it so "count(" is considered a function, but "count" alone is not
$upper = strtoupper($string);
// function
if (preg_match('/^('.self::$regex_function.'[(]|\s|[)])/', $upper,$matches)) {
return array(
self::TOKEN_TYPE=>self::TOKEN_TYPE_RESERVED,
self::TOKEN_VALUE=>substr($string,0,strlen($matches[1])-1)
);
}
// Non reserved word
preg_match('/^(.*?)($|\s|["\'`]|'.self::$regex_boundaries.')/',$string,$matches);
return array(
self::TOKEN_VALUE => $matches[1],
self::TOKEN_TYPE => self::TOKEN_TYPE_WORD
);
}
protected static function getQuotedString($string)
{
$ret = null;
// This checks for the following patterns:
// 1. backtick quoted string using `` to escape
// 2. square bracket quoted string (SQL Server) using ]] to escape
// 3. double quoted string using "" or \" to escape
// 4. single quoted string using '' or \' to escape
if ( preg_match('/^(((`[^`]*($|`))+)|((\[[^\]]*($|\]))(\][^\]]*($|\]))*)|(("[^"\\\\]*(?:\\\\.[^"\\\\]*)*("|$))+)|((\'[^\'\\\\]*(?:\\\\.[^\'\\\\]*)*(\'|$))+))/s', $string, $matches)) {
$ret = $matches[1];
}
return $ret;
}
/**
* Takes a SQL string and breaks it into tokens.
* Each token is an associative array with type and value.
*
* @param String $string The SQL string
*
* @return Array An array of tokens.
*/
protected static function tokenize($string)
{
self::init();
$tokens = array();
// Used for debugging if there is an error while tokenizing the string
$original_length = strlen($string);
// Used to make sure the string keeps shrinking on each iteration
$old_string_len = strlen($string) + 1;
$token = null;
$current_length = strlen($string);
// Keep processing the string until it is empty
while ($current_length) {
// If the string stopped shrinking, there was a problem
if ($old_string_len <= $current_length) {
$tokens[] = array(
self::TOKEN_VALUE=>$string,
self::TOKEN_TYPE=>self::TOKEN_TYPE_ERROR
);
return $tokens;
}
$old_string_len = $current_length;
// Determine if we can use caching
if ($current_length >= self::$max_cachekey_size) {
$cacheKey = substr($string,0,self::$max_cachekey_size);
} else {
$cacheKey = false;
}
// See if the token is already cached
if ($cacheKey && isset(self::$token_cache[$cacheKey])) {
// Retrieve from cache
$token = self::$token_cache[$cacheKey];
$token_length = strlen($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE]);
self::$cache_hits++;
} else {
// Get the next token and the token type
$token = self::getNextToken($string, $token);
$token_length = strlen($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE]);
self::$cache_misses++;
// If the token is shorter than the max length, store it in cache
if ($cacheKey && $token_length < self::$max_cachekey_size) {
self::$token_cache[$cacheKey] = $token;
}
}
$tokens[] = $token;
// Advance the string
$string = substr($string, $token_length);
$current_length -= $token_length;
}
return $tokens;
}
/**
* Format the whitespace in a SQL string to make it easier to read.
*
* @param String $string The SQL string
* @param boolean $highlight If true, syntax highlighting will also be performed
*
* @return String The SQL string with HTML styles and formatting wrapped in a <pre> tag
*/
public static function format($string, $highlight=true)
{
// This variable will be populated with formatted html
$return = '';
// Use an actual tab while formatting and then switch out with self::$tab at the end
$tab = "\t";
$indent_level = 0;
$newline = false;
$inline_parentheses = false;
$increase_special_indent = false;
$increase_block_indent = false;
$indent_types = array();
$added_newline = false;
$inline_count = 0;
$inline_indented = false;
$clause_limit = false;
// Tokenize String
$original_tokens = self::tokenize($string);
// Remove existing whitespace
$tokens = array();
foreach ($original_tokens as $i=>$token) {
if ($token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] !== self::TOKEN_TYPE_WHITESPACE) {
$token['i'] = $i;
$tokens[] = $token;
}
}
// Format token by token
foreach ($tokens as $i=>$token) {
// Get highlighted token if doing syntax highlighting
if ($highlight) {
$highlighted = self::highlightToken($token);
} else { // If returning raw text
$highlighted = $token[self::TOKEN_VALUE];
}
// If we are increasing the special indent level now
if ($increase_special_indent) {
$indent_level++;
$increase_special_indent = false;
array_unshift($indent_types,'special');
}
// If we are increasing the block indent level now
if ($increase_block_indent) {
$indent_level++;
$increase_block_indent = false;
array_unshift($indent_types,'block');
}
// If we need a new line before the token
if ($newline) {
$return .= "\n" . str_repeat($tab, $indent_level);
$newline = false;
$added_newline = true;
} else {
$added_newline = false;
}
// Display comments directly where they appear in the source
if ($token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] === self::TOKEN_TYPE_COMMENT || $token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] === self::TOKEN_TYPE_BLOCK_COMMENT) {
if ($token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] === self::TOKEN_TYPE_BLOCK_COMMENT) {
$indent = str_repeat($tab,$indent_level);
$return .= "\n" . $indent;
$highlighted = str_replace("\n","\n".$indent,$highlighted);
}
$return .= $highlighted;
$newline = true;
continue;
}
if ($inline_parentheses) {
// End of inline parentheses
if ($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE] === ')') {
$return = rtrim($return,' ');
if ($inline_indented) {
array_shift($indent_types);
$indent_level --;
$return .= "\n" . str_repeat($tab, $indent_level);
}
$inline_parentheses = false;
$return .= $highlighted . ' ';
continue;
}
if ($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE] === ',') {
if ($inline_count >= 30) {
$inline_count = 0;
$newline = true;
}
}
$inline_count += strlen($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE]);
}
// Opening parentheses increase the block indent level and start a new line
if ($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE] === '(') {
// First check if this should be an inline parentheses block
// Examples are "NOW()", "COUNT(*)", "int(10)", key(`somecolumn`), DECIMAL(7,2)
// Allow up to 3 non-whitespace tokens inside inline parentheses
$length = 0;
for ($j=1;$j<=250;$j++) {
// Reached end of string
if (!isset($tokens[$i+$j])) break;
$next = $tokens[$i+$j];
// Reached closing parentheses, able to inline it
if ($next[self::TOKEN_VALUE] === ')') {
$inline_parentheses = true;
$inline_count = 0;
$inline_indented = false;
break;
}
// Reached an invalid token for inline parentheses
if ($next[self::TOKEN_VALUE]===';' || $next[self::TOKEN_VALUE]==='(') {
break;
}
// Reached an invalid token type for inline parentheses
if ($next[self::TOKEN_TYPE]===self::TOKEN_TYPE_RESERVED_TOPLEVEL || $next[self::TOKEN_TYPE]===self::TOKEN_TYPE_RESERVED_NEWLINE || $next[self::TOKEN_TYPE]===self::TOKEN_TYPE_COMMENT || $next[self::TOKEN_TYPE]===self::TOKEN_TYPE_BLOCK_COMMENT) {
break;
}
$length += strlen($next[self::TOKEN_VALUE]);
}
if ($inline_parentheses && $length > 30) {
$increase_block_indent = true;
$inline_indented = true;
$newline = true;
}
// Take out the preceding space unless there was whitespace there in the original query
if (isset($original_tokens[$token['i']-1]) && $original_tokens[$token['i']-1][self::TOKEN_TYPE] !== self::TOKEN_TYPE_WHITESPACE) {
$return = rtrim($return,' ');
}
if (!$inline_parentheses) {
$increase_block_indent = true;
// Add a newline after the parentheses
$newline = true;
}
}
// Closing parentheses decrease the block indent level
elseif ($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE] === ')') {
// Remove whitespace before the closing parentheses
$return = rtrim($return,' ');
$indent_level--;
// Reset indent level
while ($j=array_shift($indent_types)) {
if ($j==='special') {
$indent_level--;
} else {
break;
}
}
if ($indent_level < 0) {
// This is an error
$indent_level = 0;
if ($highlight) {
$return .= "\n".self::highlightError($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE]);
continue;
}
}
// Add a newline before the closing parentheses (if not already added)
if (!$added_newline) {
$return .= "\n" . str_repeat($tab, $indent_level);
}
}
// Top level reserved words start a new line and increase the special indent level
elseif ($token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] === self::TOKEN_TYPE_RESERVED_TOPLEVEL) {
$increase_special_indent = true;
// If the last indent type was 'special', decrease the special indent for this round
reset($indent_types);
if (current($indent_types)==='special') {
$indent_level--;
array_shift($indent_types);
}
// Add a newline after the top level reserved word
$newline = true;
// Add a newline before the top level reserved word (if not already added)
if (!$added_newline) {
$return .= "\n" . str_repeat($tab, $indent_level);
}
// If we already added a newline, redo the indentation since it may be different now
else {
$return = rtrim($return,$tab).str_repeat($tab, $indent_level);
}
// If the token may have extra whitespace
if (strpos($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE],' ')!==false || strpos($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE],"\n")!==false || strpos($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE],"\t")!==false) {
$highlighted = preg_replace('/\s+/',' ',$highlighted);
}
//if SQL 'LIMIT' clause, start variable to reset newline
if ($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE] === 'LIMIT' && !$inline_parentheses) {
$clause_limit = true;
}
}
// Checks if we are out of the limit clause
elseif ($clause_limit && $token[self::TOKEN_VALUE] !== "," && $token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] !== self::TOKEN_TYPE_NUMBER && $token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] !== self::TOKEN_TYPE_WHITESPACE) {
$clause_limit = false;
}
// Commas start a new line (unless within inline parentheses or SQL 'LIMIT' clause)
elseif ($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE] === ',' && !$inline_parentheses) {
//If the previous TOKEN_VALUE is 'LIMIT', resets new line
if ($clause_limit === true) {
$newline = false;
$clause_limit = false;
}
// All other cases of commas
else {
$newline = true;
}
}
// Newline reserved words start a new line
elseif ($token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] === self::TOKEN_TYPE_RESERVED_NEWLINE) {
// Add a newline before the reserved word (if not already added)
if (!$added_newline) {
$return .= "\n" . str_repeat($tab, $indent_level);
}
// If the token may have extra whitespace
if (strpos($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE],' ')!==false || strpos($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE],"\n")!==false || strpos($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE],"\t")!==false) {
$highlighted = preg_replace('/\s+/',' ',$highlighted);
}
}
// Multiple boundary characters in a row should not have spaces between them (not including parentheses)
elseif ($token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] === self::TOKEN_TYPE_BOUNDARY) {
if (isset($tokens[$i-1]) && $tokens[$i-1][self::TOKEN_TYPE] === self::TOKEN_TYPE_BOUNDARY) {
if (isset($original_tokens[$token['i']-1]) && $original_tokens[$token['i']-1][self::TOKEN_TYPE] !== self::TOKEN_TYPE_WHITESPACE) {
$return = rtrim($return,' ');
}
}
}
// If the token shouldn't have a space before it
if ($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE] === '.' || $token[self::TOKEN_VALUE] === ',' || $token[self::TOKEN_VALUE] === ';') {
$return = rtrim($return, ' ');
}
$return .= $highlighted.' ';
// If the token shouldn't have a space after it
if ($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE] === '(' || $token[self::TOKEN_VALUE] === '.') {
$return = rtrim($return,' ');
}
// If this is the "-" of a negative number, it shouldn't have a space after it
if($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE] === '-' && isset($tokens[$i+1]) && $tokens[$i+1][self::TOKEN_TYPE] === self::TOKEN_TYPE_NUMBER && isset($tokens[$i-1])) {
$prev = $tokens[$i-1][self::TOKEN_TYPE];
if($prev !== self::TOKEN_TYPE_QUOTE && $prev !== self::TOKEN_TYPE_BACKTICK_QUOTE && $prev !== self::TOKEN_TYPE_WORD && $prev !== self::TOKEN_TYPE_NUMBER) {
$return = rtrim($return,' ');
}
}
}
// If there are unmatched parentheses
if ($highlight && array_search('block',$indent_types) !== false) {
$return .= "\n".self::highlightError("WARNING: unclosed parentheses or section");
}
// Replace tab characters with the configuration tab character
$return = trim(str_replace("\t",self::$tab,$return));
if ($highlight) {
$return = self::output($return);
}
return $return;
}
/**
* Add syntax highlighting to a SQL string
*
* @param String $string The SQL string
*
* @return String The SQL string with HTML styles applied
*/
public static function highlight($string)
{
$tokens = self::tokenize($string);
$return = '';
foreach ($tokens as $token) {
$return .= self::highlightToken($token);
}
return self::output($return);
}
/**
* Split a SQL string into multiple queries.
* Uses ";" as a query delimiter.
*
* @param String $string The SQL string
*
* @return Array An array of individual query strings without trailing semicolons
*/
public static function splitQuery($string)
{
$queries = array();
$current_query = '';
$empty = true;
$tokens = self::tokenize($string);
foreach ($tokens as $token) {
// If this is a query separator
if ($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE] === ';') {
if (!$empty) {
$queries[] = $current_query.';';
}
$current_query = '';
$empty = true;
continue;
}
// If this is a non-empty character
if ($token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] !== self::TOKEN_TYPE_WHITESPACE && $token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] !== self::TOKEN_TYPE_COMMENT && $token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] !== self::TOKEN_TYPE_BLOCK_COMMENT) {
$empty = false;
}
$current_query .= $token[self::TOKEN_VALUE];
}
if (!$empty) {
$queries[] = trim($current_query);
}
return $queries;
}
/**
* Remove all comments from a SQL string
*
* @param String $string The SQL string
*
* @return String The SQL string without comments
*/
public static function removeComments($string)
{
$result = '';
$tokens = self::tokenize($string);
foreach ($tokens as $token) {
// Skip comment tokens
if ($token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] === self::TOKEN_TYPE_COMMENT || $token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] === self::TOKEN_TYPE_BLOCK_COMMENT) {
continue;
}
$result .= $token[self::TOKEN_VALUE];
}
$result = self::format( $result,false);
return $result;
}
/**
* Compress a query by collapsing white space and removing comments
*
* @param String $string The SQL string
*
* @return String The SQL string without comments
*/
public static function compress($string)
{
$result = '';
$tokens = self::tokenize($string);
$whitespace = true;
foreach ($tokens as $token) {
// Skip comment tokens
if ($token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] === self::TOKEN_TYPE_COMMENT || $token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] === self::TOKEN_TYPE_BLOCK_COMMENT) {
continue;
}
// Remove extra whitespace in reserved words (e.g "OUTER JOIN" becomes "OUTER JOIN")
elseif ($token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] === self::TOKEN_TYPE_RESERVED || $token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] === self::TOKEN_TYPE_RESERVED_NEWLINE || $token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] === self::TOKEN_TYPE_RESERVED_TOPLEVEL) {
$token[self::TOKEN_VALUE] = preg_replace('/\s+/',' ',$token[self::TOKEN_VALUE]);
}
if ($token[self::TOKEN_TYPE] === self::TOKEN_TYPE_WHITESPACE) {
// If the last token was whitespace, don't add another one
if ($whitespace) {
continue;
} else {
$whitespace = true;
// Convert all whitespace to a single space
$token[self::TOKEN_VALUE] = ' ';
}
} else {
$whitespace = false;
}
$result .= $token[self::TOKEN_VALUE];
}
return rtrim($result);
}
/**
* Highlights a token depending on its type.
*
* @param Array $token An associative array containing type and value.
*
* @return String HTML code of the highlighted token.
*/
protected static function highlightToken($token)
{
$type = $token[self::TOKEN_TYPE];
if (self::is_cli()) {
$token = $token[self::TOKEN_VALUE];
} else {
if (defined('ENT_IGNORE')) {
$token = htmlentities($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE],ENT_COMPAT | ENT_IGNORE ,'UTF-8');
} else {
$token = htmlentities($token[self::TOKEN_VALUE],ENT_COMPAT,'UTF-8');
}
}
if ($type===self::TOKEN_TYPE_BOUNDARY) {
return self::highlightBoundary($token);
} elseif ($type===self::TOKEN_TYPE_WORD) {
return self::highlightWord($token);
} elseif ($type===self::TOKEN_TYPE_BACKTICK_QUOTE) {
return self::highlightBacktickQuote($token);
} elseif ($type===self::TOKEN_TYPE_QUOTE) {
return self::highlightQuote($token);
} elseif ($type===self::TOKEN_TYPE_RESERVED) {
return self::highlightReservedWord($token);
} elseif ($type===self::TOKEN_TYPE_RESERVED_TOPLEVEL) {
return self::highlightReservedWord($token);
} elseif ($type===self::TOKEN_TYPE_RESERVED_NEWLINE) {
return self::highlightReservedWord($token);
} elseif ($type===self::TOKEN_TYPE_NUMBER) {
return self::highlightNumber($token);
} elseif ($type===self::TOKEN_TYPE_VARIABLE) {
return self::highlightVariable($token);
} elseif ($type===self::TOKEN_TYPE_COMMENT || $type===self::TOKEN_TYPE_BLOCK_COMMENT) {
return self::highlightComment($token);
}
return $token;
}
/**
* Highlights a quoted string
*
* @param String $value The token's value
*
* @return String HTML code of the highlighted token.
*/
protected static function highlightQuote($value)
{
if (self::is_cli()) {
return self::$cli_quote . $value . "\x1b[0m";
} else {
return '<span ' . self::$quote_attributes . '>' . $value . '</span>';
}
}
/**
* Highlights a backtick quoted string
*
* @param String $value The token's value
*
* @return String HTML code of the highlighted token.
*/
protected static function highlightBacktickQuote($value)
{
if (self::is_cli()) {
return self::$cli_backtick_quote . $value . "\x1b[0m";
} else {
return '<span ' . self::$backtick_quote_attributes . '>' . $value . '</span>';
}
}
/**
* Highlights a reserved word
*
* @param String $value The token's value
*
* @return String HTML code of the highlighted token.
*/
protected static function highlightReservedWord($value)
{
if (self::is_cli()) {
return self::$cli_reserved . $value . "\x1b[0m";
} else {
return '<span ' . self::$reserved_attributes . '>' . $value . '</span>';
}
}
/**
* Highlights a boundary token
*
* @param String $value The token's value
*
* @return String HTML code of the highlighted token.
*/
protected static function highlightBoundary($value)
{
if ($value==='(' || $value===')') return $value;
if (self::is_cli()) {
return self::$cli_boundary . $value . "\x1b[0m";
} else {
return '<span ' . self::$boundary_attributes . '>' . $value . '</span>';
}
}
/**
* Highlights a number
*
* @param String $value The token's value
*
* @return String HTML code of the highlighted token.
*/
protected static function highlightNumber($value)
{
if (self::is_cli()) {
return self::$cli_number . $value . "\x1b[0m";
} else {
return '<span ' . self::$number_attributes . '>' . $value . '</span>';
}
}
/**
* Highlights an error
*
* @param String $value The token's value
*
* @return String HTML code of the highlighted token.
*/
protected static function highlightError($value)
{
if (self::is_cli()) {
return self::$cli_error . $value . "\x1b[0m";
} else {
return '<span ' . self::$error_attributes . '>' . $value . '</span>';
}
}
/**
* Highlights a comment
*
* @param String $value The token's value
*
* @return String HTML code of the highlighted token.
*/
protected static function highlightComment($value)
{
if (self::is_cli()) {
return self::$cli_comment . $value . "\x1b[0m";
} else {
return '<span ' . self::$comment_attributes . '>' . $value . '</span>';
}
}
/**
* Highlights a word token
*
* @param String $value The token's value
*
* @return String HTML code of the highlighted token.
*/
protected static function highlightWord($value)
{
if (self::is_cli()) {
return self::$cli_word . $value . "\x1b[0m";
} else {
return '<span ' . self::$word_attributes . '>' . $value . '</span>';
}
}
/**
* Highlights a variable token
*
* @param String $value The token's value
*
* @return String HTML code of the highlighted token.
*/
protected static function highlightVariable($value)
{
if (self::is_cli()) {
return self::$cli_variable . $value . "\x1b[0m";
} else {
return '<span ' . self::$variable_attributes . '>' . $value . '</span>';
}
}
/**
* Helper function for building regular expressions for reserved words and boundary characters
*
* @param String $a The string to be quoted
*
* @return String The quoted string
*/
private static function quote_regex($a)
{
return preg_quote($a,'/');
}
/**
* Helper function for building string output
*
* @param String $string The string to be quoted
*
* @return String The quoted string
*/
private static function output($string)
{
if (self::is_cli()) {
return $string."\n";
} else {
$string=trim($string);
if (!self::$use_pre) {
return $string;
}
return '<pre '.self::$pre_attributes.'>' . $string . '</pre>';
}
}
private static function is_cli()
{
if (isset(self::$cli)) return self::$cli;
else return php_sapi_name() === 'cli';
}
}